Obligations tutoring
Master Obligations.
Obligations is the foundation of private law. It covers how binding obligations arise: from agreements, from promises relied upon, and from benefits that must be returned. Strong answers turn on a disciplined, element by element method.
New · Practice bank: 100 exam-style restitution drills across money had and received and quantum meruit, plus 20 integrated exam scenarios, each with Pass and H1 model answers and examiner's comments. →The challenge
Where students get stuck
Obligations spans contract formation, equitable estoppel and unjust enrichment, and students often run them together. Common errors are asserting a contract without proving each element, treating estoppel as a vague fairness argument rather than a set of elements, and missing when a claim in restitution is the better route. Estoppel in particular is misunderstood, because students forget that it turns on an induced assumption, reliance, detriment and unconscionability.
How I help
We use one structure across the subject: the element, the rule with its authority, the application to the facts, then a conclusion. For estoppel we work through assumption, reliance, detriment and unconscionability one at a time. We cover the leading cases, including the recent High Court guidance in Kramer v Stone, and practise past problems so the analysis is precise and the remedy is properly identified.
The method
One method, every problem
Four steps run every argument: name the issue, state the rule, apply it to the facts, conclude. Almost every legal rule takes one of six shapes. Any of these six shapes may carry a twist. Learn the six shapes and the twist →
Common questions
Obligations tutoring FAQ
Do you cover contract, estoppel and restitution?
Yes. Formation and the sources of obligation, equitable estoppel, and unjust enrichment.
Estoppel confuses me. Can you help?
Yes. We run it as four elements: assumption, reliance, detriment and unconscionability, with authority for each.
Can you help before the exam?
Yes. Focused problem practice on the obligations that arise on the facts. Book early.
Related subjects: Contracts, Equity & Trusts, Remedies. See all subjects, or read the publication on practice hypotheticals.
Master Obligations.
Guides and worked problems for this subject are in development and will be announced in the Publication as they land. One-on-one tutoring is available now.