Equity & Trusts tutoring
Make sense of Equity & Trusts.
Equity is sometimes seen as imprecise, which is where students lose marks. Each doctrine is in fact a structured test, and treating it that way produces stronger answers. The subject covers fiduciary duties, the trusts and the equitable remedies.
The subject, module by module
Twelve modules, end to end
Each guide sets out the idea, the cases at a glance, the rules with their shapes, the worked examples and the way the examiners test it. The practice bank holds 119 problems, each with a Pass answer, an H1 answer and examiner's comments.
- 1
Guide
Equity and conscience
Where equity comes from, how it operates on conscience, and the maxims that steer every later module.
- 2
Guide10 drills
Fiduciary relationships and duties
Who is a fiduciary, the no conflict and no profit rules, and the remedies for breach.
- 3
Guide
The trust: nature, functions and theory
The anatomy of the trust, its social and commercial functions, and the taxonomy of trusts and powers.
- 4
Guide9 drills
Express trusts I: formalities, intention and subject matter
The formalities for declared trusts and the certainties of intention and subject matter.
- 5
Guide10 drills
Express trusts II: certainty of objects
The complete list and criterion certainty tests, powers and trust powers, and the ways a class fails.
- 6
Guide10 drills
Trust and debt: the Quistclose trust
Money lent for an exclusive stated purpose, the trust that arises when the purpose fails, and who can enforce it.
- 7
Guide9 drills
Charitable purpose trusts
The four heads of charity, public benefit and the personal nexus rule, and the statutory overlay.
- 8
Guide11 drills
Trustees' duties and investment
The core duty, the statutory investment code, ethical investment and relief from liability.
- 9
Guide11 drills
Resulting trusts and advancement
Purchase money contributions, the presumptions and their displacement, and illegality.
- 10
Guide9 drills
Constructive trusts
Common intention and joint endeavour constructive trusts, and when retention becomes unconscionable.
- 11
Guide11 drills
Third parties: Barnes v Addy
Knowing receipt and knowing assistance, the Baden scale, and the alternatives when the design threshold fails.
- 12
Guide13 drills
Tracing, proprietary remedies and defences
Following value through mixed accounts, the presumptions and the lowest intermediate balance, and the defences.
- ★
Practice bank
Exam tier
Sixteen integrated scenarios in the format of the real paper, 33 marks each, with model answers and examiner's comments. Four follow the combined Section A format with an essay part.
The challenge
Where students get stuck
The problems reward precision. The fiduciary analysis requires identifying the relationship, the no conflict and no profit rules, and the consequences. The trusts, whether express, resulting or constructive, each have requirements that must be established. The three certainties are a strict test that is often applied loosely. The remedies, including equitable compensation, an account of profits and the constructive trust, are separate questions and are sometimes confused with the duties that gave rise to them.
How I help
We treat each doctrine as a structured test: the rule with authority, each requirement established on the facts, then a conclusion, with the trusts and the remedies kept distinct. Equity combines strict tests with discretionary remedies, and we work on identifying which applies. We cover the cases and practise past problems so the answers are precise.
The method
One method, every problem
Four steps run every argument: name the issue, state the rule, apply it to the facts, conclude. Almost every legal rule takes one of six shapes. Any of these six shapes may carry a twist. Learn the six shapes and the twist →
Common questions
Equity & Trusts tutoring FAQ
Do you cover fiduciary duties and the trusts?
Yes. Fiduciary duties, express, resulting and constructive trusts, breach of confidence and the equitable remedies.
Equity feels vague to me. Can you help?
Yes. We turn each doctrine into a structured test. Your answers get precise.
Can you help before the exam?
Yes. Focused problem practice. Book early.
Related subjects: Property, Contracts, Remedies. See all subjects, or read the publication on practice hypotheticals.
Make sense of Equity & Trusts.
Work through the twelve module guides, then test yourself on 119 problems with model answers and examiner's comments. One-on-one tutoring is available now.